HTTP

System Calls

Multiprocessing

execvp

Interprocess Communication

Virtual memory

Thread (computing)

Mutexes (Mutual exclusion)

Semaphores

Thread Pools

Parallel Compilation

Clients

Networking

API (Application Programming Interface)

MapReduce

Filesystems

File Descriptors

waitpid

Pipeline (Unix)

Signals

Multithreading

Race condition

Condition variables

Multithreading Patterns

Read-Write Locks

Networks

Servers

Networking Functions

CS 110: Principles of Computer Systems Stanford University Winter 2022 CS 110 delves into advanced computer systems and program construction, focusing on designing large systems, software that spans multiple machines, and parallel computing. This course builds upon CS107 and requires good knowledge of C, C++, Unix, GDB, Valgrind, and Make. It covers Linux filesystems, multiprocessing, threading, networking, and more. CS107 took you behind the scenes:

- how things work inside C++/Python/Java, and how your programs map onto the components of computer systems
- understanding of program behavior and execution
 
CS110 uses this as a foundation to build complex programs that maximally take advantage of the hardware and operating system software available to us:

- How can we understand the designs and tradeoffs of large systems?
- How can we write software that spans multiple machines?
- How can we write software that runs tasks in parallel on a single machine? ### Course Topics Overview

1. **Overview of Linux Filesystems** - How can we design filesystems to store and manipulate files on disk?
1. **Multiprocessing and Exceptional Control Flow** - How can our program create and interact with other programs?
1. **Threading and Concurrency** - How can a single instance of our program perform multiple coordinated tasks at the same time?
1. **Networking and Distributed Computing** - How can we write programs that communicate over a network with other programs, and tackle large tasks using many machines?
1. **Additional Topics**: MapReduce, Caching, and Non-Blocking I/O **CS107 or equivalent -**

- Each of you should know C and C++ reasonably well so that you can...
    - write moderately complex programs (e.g. pointers, **malloc/realloc/free**, C strings, C++ classes, methods, references, templates, **new/delete**)
    - read and understand portions of large code bases
    - trace memory diagrams and always win!
- Each of you should be ﬂuent with **Unix, GDB, Valgrind**, and **Make** to the extent they're covered in CS107 or its equivalent.

The first assignment is meant to give you a sense of the scope of CS110 programs and refresh your memory on relevant prerequisites.  If you feel ok about it, you're all set! Second half of CS107 Textbook: *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective by Bryant & O'Hallaron, 3rd Edition*

- Can purchase full copy, or Stanford Bookstore custom edition with just CS110 chapters
 
*Principles of Computer System Design: An Introduction* by Jerome H. Saltzer and M. Frans Kaashoek

- Free Stanford online access [here](https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780123749574/principles-of-computer-system-design)​ (also linked on course homepage)
- Fewer readings from this book vs. first one
- You're welcome to buy a physical copy if you'd like

CS 110: Principles of Computer Systems

Computer Systems

Functional Decomposition

Data Abstraction

JavaScript

Timer-Based Animation

JavaScript Arrays

Cryptography

Python Strings

Python Objects

Data-Driven Programs

Interactors

JavaScript Graphics

Advanced Animation

JavaScript Objects

Enigma Machine

Python Lists

Adventure

Building Web Applications

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

Interactive Graphics

JavaScript Strings

Binary Representation

Python

Python Dictionaries

Objects and Abstraction

Web Programming

Asynchronous Requests

Frontiers of Computer Science

CS 106AX Programming Methodologies in JavaScript and Python Stanford University Autumn 2022 This course is designed for those with prior programming experience. It focuses on advanced programming methodologies in Python and JavaScript, and covers topics from object-oriented design principles to building web applications. Introduction to the engineering of computer and web applications emphasizing modern software engineering principles: object-oriented design, decomposition, encapsulation, abstraction, and testing. This course targets an audience with prior programming experience, and that prior experience is leveraged so material can be covered in greater depth.   

CS 106AX Programming Methodologies in JavaScript and Python

Computer Programming

Network Devices—Switches

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

Link Layer

Routers

Congestion Control

Tunneling

Link State

Anycast

Mesh Network Routing

Datacenter Networks

Network Layer

Transport Layer

Queue Management on Links

Distance Vector

Interdomain Routing

Discovery

Content Delivery Network (CDN)

Software-Defined Networking

Middleboxes

Routing

Multicast

DNS (Domain Name System)

Wireless Networks

Network Security

COS 461 Computer Networks Princeton University Spring 2023 Princeton University's COS 461 offers a comprehensive survey of computer networks, exploring principles from end-to-end principle to overlay networks. The course involves a study of classic to contemporary research papers and assumes prior knowledge of computer science. A survey of computer networks covering the end-to-end principle, multiplexing, virtualization, packet v. circuit switching, router design, network protocols, congestion control, internet routing architecture, network measurement, network management, and overlay networks. Survey of research papers from classic literature through contemporary research.  Students must have taken COS 217 and one of COS 316, COS 333, COS 318, COS 418, or COS 432 prior to enrolling in this course. Exceptions require explicit permission from the instructor. The assignments in this class are in Go, C, and Python. You do not need to have experience with all of these languages before taking the course. However, you should be comfortable with learning new programming languages and finding resources on your own, independently as you attack problems. You will be exposed to new programming languages and environments. ### Class Materials

- Larry L. Peterson and Bruce S. Davie, Computer Networks: A Systems Approach, [available online](https://book.systemsapproach.org/#).
- Systems Approach [Substack](https://systemsapproach.substack.com/).

COS 461 Computer Networks

Computer Networks

Rust

C Programming

Function (computer programming)

Pointer (computer programming)

Computer memory

Array (data structure)

Heap (data structure)

Data structure

Modules

Compilation

Debugging

Makefiles

File I/O

Buffering

POSIX I/O

Directories

C++ Programming

Introduction

References

Const

Constructors

Class (computer programming)

new/delete

Smart pointer

Casting

Client-side Networking

Templates

Inheritance (object-oriented programming)

Server-side Networking

Standard Template Library (STL)

vtables

IP (Internet Protocol)

CSE 333 Systems Programming University of Washington Summer 2022 This course provides an understanding of systems in computing, focusing on operating systems, networking, and C/C++ languages. Students learn about low-level data representation, memory management, system interactions, and efficient programming workflows. It delves into C++ idioms, network protocols, and concurrency. Prior knowledge of C programming and Linux tools is required. Systems Programming is the exploration of the composition and interface of systems in computing looking through the lens of operating systems, networking, and C/C++ languages. Through peeling levels of abstraction, students will view practices of low-level data representation (e.g. C, C++); explicit memory management; interacting with operating-system services; and cache-aware programming. Course Learning objectives are the goals that are set out for you to accomplish in this course:

- Understand system theory of how a system interacts with its environment and controlling its input and output (feedback loops, input and output, deterioration, computation)
- Unravel layers of abstraction found within systems
- Describe multiple systems throughout the computing space (e.g. HTTP, Operating Systems, Threading, and Makefiles)
- Interpret and build an efficient workflow for programming in larger sized code bases
- Debug substantial C/C++ programs using debugging tools (GDB and Valgrind) - [CSE351 (The Hardware/Software Interface)](http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse351): CSE 351 provides students with rudimentary knowledge of C programming; the ability to write, run, and debug programs; familiarity with Linux and the use of Linux compilation, editing, and debugging tools; a solid mental model of the relationship between high-level code (C) and assembly-level compiled code.
- [CSE 143 (Intro Programming II)](http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse143): CSE 143 is not a direct prerequisite (CSE 351 prerequisite), but some of its topics are beneficial to review for CSE 333. This includes classes, inheritance, good style practices, and simple data structures such as linked lists, trees, hash tables, and queues. Further knowledge of Java and these data structures is not required, but could be helpful! ### Textbooks

There are no strictly required texts for this course. Most people will find it useful to have both a C and a C++ reference; suggestions are given below. The C++ Primer is strongly recommended as C++ is a big, complex language and it is hard to understand how it all fits together from just Google and Stack Overflow snippets and folklore.

#### Strongly Recommended:

C++ Primer (5th Edition), Lippman, Lajoie & Moo. ISBN 0-321-71411-3.

#### Suggested:

- [*C Programming Language (2nd Edition)*](http://www.amazon.com/Programming-Language-2nd-Brian-Kernighan/dp/0131103628/), Kernighan & Ritchie. ISBN 0-13-110362-8.
    - The definitive book on C from the people who created it. You will want to use an online reference for information about the latest libraries, but every serious programmer should study this book.
- [*Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective (3rd Edition)*](http://csapp.cs.cmu.edu/3e/home.html), Bryant & O'Hallaron, ISBN 0-13-409266-X.
    - Useful review of CSE 351 and background for many additional topics covered more extensively in CSE333.
- [*Effective C++: 55 Specific Ways to Improve Your Programs and Designs (3rd Edition)*](http://www.amazon.com/Effective-Specific-Improve-Programs-Designs/dp/tags-on-product/0321334876), Scott Meyers. ISBN 0321334879.
- [*Effective Modern C++: 42 Specific Ways to Improve Your Use of C++11 and C++14*](http://www.amazon.com/Effective-Modern-Specific-Ways-Improve/dp/1491903996), Scott Meyers. ISBN 1491903996.


### Proposed Topic List

- C Programming and idioms (Memory Management, cstdio, error handling, and structs)
- System Management Tools (Makefiles, Header Guards, GDB, and Valgrind)
- System Interfacing with Operating Systems (POSIX)
- C++ Programming and idioms (namespaces, templates, STL, smart pointers)
- C++ Classes and Inheritance (Classes, operator overloading, OOP)
- Network Programming and Protocols (POSIX, HTTP)
- Concurrency (pthreads)

CSE 333 Systems Programming

Operating Systems

HTTP

4 courses cover this concept

CS 110: Principles of Computer Systems

CS 106AX Programming Methodologies in JavaScript and Python

COS 461 Computer Networks

CSE 333 Systems Programming